Optic disc drusens refer to small, yellow-white deposits of calcium and protein that accumulate within the optic disc, which is the area where the optic nerve exits the eye. These drusens are composed of multiple materials, including calcium phosphate, glycoproteins, and other substances, and they can be present in one or both eyes.
Optic disc drusens are relatively common and can be found in about 2-3% of the population. They are often benign and asymptomatic, meaning they do not cause any noticeable visual changes or symptoms. However, in some cases, they can lead to mild visual disturbances, such as blurred or double vision, visual field defects, or even loss of vision in rare instances. These symptoms may occur due to compression or displacement of the optic nerve fibers by the drusens or as a result of other factors that can be associated with their presence, such as inflammation or vascular changes.
Diagnosing optic disc drusens is typically done through a comprehensive eye examination, including examination of the optic disc with an ophthalmoscope, which allows the healthcare professional to visualize the characteristic appearance of the drusens. Additional imaging and testing, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) or visual field testing, may be conducted to gather more information or rule out other potential causes of symptoms.
In summary, optic disc drusens are small accumulations of calcium and protein that can be found in the optic disc of the eye. While they are generally harmless, they can sometimes cause visual disturbances or loss of vision, requiring further evaluation and management by an eye care professional.
