ONTOLOGICAL PROOF Meaning and
Definition
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Ontological proof is a philosophical argument that attempts to demonstrate the existence of a perfect and necessary being, typically understood as God, through the concept of existence itself. It is a type of a priori reasoning that relies on defining God as the most perfect and supreme being that exists by necessity, and therefore must exist in reality.
According to the ontological proof, the concept of God includes the attribute of necessary existence, meaning that this being cannot be conceived of as not existing, as existence is an essential part of its nature. Thus, if we can conceive of such a being, then it must exist in reality since existence is an inseparable attribute of its essence.
This argument rests on the understanding that existence is a necessary characteristic of a supremely perfect being and that perfection cannot be achieved without existing in reality. By analyzing the concept of God and deducing necessary existence from it, the ontological proof aims to establish the actual existence of a divine being.
The ontological proof has been subject to various criticisms throughout history, often challenging the logical validity of its reasoning and highlighting the potential for mere conceptualizing without any corresponding real-world existence. Nevertheless, it remains a significant and influential concept in philosophical and theological discourse regarding the existence of God.
Etymology of ONTOLOGICAL PROOF
The word "ontological" is derived from the Greek roots "onto-", meaning being or existence, and "-logos", meaning study or knowledge. "Ontological" refers to the branch of metaphysics that deals with the nature of being and existence.
The term "proof", in this context, refers to a logical or philosophical argument aimed at establishing the truth or validity of a proposition or concept. It is also derived from the Latin "probare", meaning to test or prove.
Therefore, the term "ontological proof" refers to a type of argument or reasoning that aims to prove the existence of a deity or god based on logical or metaphysical principles related to being and existence. It is a philosophical concept developed primarily in the realm of theology and metaphysics. The most well-known ontological proof is usually attributed to St. Anselm of Canterbury, an 11th-century theologian and philosopher.
