Oedema is a medical condition characterized by an abnormal accumulation of fluid within the body's tissues. It is commonly known as swelling. The excess fluid buildup causes affected areas to become puffy, firm, and bloated. Oedema can occur in various parts of the body, such as the legs, feet, ankles, hands, arms, lungs, or abdomen.
The condition arises due to an imbalance between the pressure inside the blood vessels and the pressure in the surrounding tissues. This imbalance leads to the leakage of fluid from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissue spaces. Oedema can have multiple underlying causes, including heart failure, kidney disease, liver disease, certain medications, pregnancy, lymphatic system disorders, and prolonged immobility.
Symptoms of oedema may vary depending on the area affected, but common signs include swelling, puffiness, and tightness in the affected body part. Additionally, skin changes, such as stretched and shiny appearance, may be present. Oedema is often associated with general discomfort and reduced mobility.
Treatment of oedema typically involves addressing the underlying cause. This may include lifestyle modifications, such as reducing salt intake, wearing compression stockings, elevating the affected limb, or taking prescribed medications. In severe cases, medical interventions such as diuretics (water pills) or drainage procedures may be necessary to remove excess fluid.
It is important to monitor and manage oedema promptly as it can indicate significant health issues and potentially lead to complications if left untreated.
