OBJECT ORIENT PROGRAM Meaning and
Definition
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Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that structures software design around objects, which can be defined as instances of classes. It provides a way to organize code in a modular and reusable manner by focusing on creating objects that encapsulate data (attributes) and behavior (methods) together.
In an object-oriented program, the key concept is the class, which serves as a blueprint or template for creating objects. Each class can have one or more objects, and these objects contain their own state (data) and behavior (methods). The state is stored in attributes, which are variables specific to each object, while behavior is implemented through methods, which are functions associated with the objects.
Encapsulation is a fundamental principle in object-oriented programming. It involves hiding the internal details of objects and ensuring that they can only be accessed through their well-defined interfaces. This enhances code organization, reusability, and maintainability as the implementation details can be changed without affecting the other parts of the program.
Inheritance and polymorphism are two other important features of object-oriented programming. Inheritance allows classes to inherit properties and methods from other classes, enabling code reuse and promoting the hierarchical organization of objects. Polymorphism allows objects to be treated as instances of their specific class or as instances of their parent class. This flexibility enables the writing of more generic code and facilitates easy modification and expansion of software.
