The northern pin oak, scientifically known as Quercus ellipsoidalis, is a deciduous tree species primarily found in North America. This species belongs to the beech family, Fagaceae, and is native to the northeastern and central parts of the United States and southern Canada. The tree usually reaches heights of 60 to 70 feet, with a spreading crown and a trunk diameter of about 1 to 2 feet.
The northern pin oak is known for its distinctively lobed leaves, which have five to seven pointed lobes and deep sinuses, giving the foliage a characteristic "pin-like" appearance. These leaves usually exhibit a glossy, dark green color during the summer months, and transform into shades of red or bronze during the fall, adding to the tree's ornamental value.
The bark of the northern pin oak is brownish-gray, with deep furrows and ridges that provide an attractive texture. The tree also produces small, egg-shaped acorns, which are a valuable food source for various wildlife species.
Ecologically, the northern pin oak is often found in upland forests, along wooded slopes, and in areas with well-drained soils. It is considered a hardy and adaptable tree, able to tolerate a range of soil conditions, including slightly acidic to alkaline pH levels. This species also has a moderate growth rate and can withstand drought conditions once established.
Due to its aesthetic appeal and adaptability, the northern pin oak is commonly planted as a shade tree in parks, residential areas, and along streets. It also has ecological significance as it provides habitat and food for various animals, including birds and small mammals.
