The spelling of "Nordhausen sulphuric acid" may seem a bit challenging, but it can be better understood by using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). The word "Nordhausen" is pronounced as /ˈnɔːdhaʊzən/, while "sulphuric" is pronounced as /ˌsʌlfjʊərɪk/. Therefore, the correct spelling of the full term can be written as /ˈnɔːdhaʊzən ˌsʌlfjʊərɪk ˈæsɪd/. This type of acid was originally produced in Nordhausen, Germany, and has been used for various industrial applications, such as dyeing and chemical synthesis.
Nordhausen sulphuric acid, also known as Nordhausen acid or fuming sulphuric acid, is a highly corrosive and volatile liquid consisting of a mixture of sulphuric acid and sulphur trioxide. It is named after the German town of Nordhausen, where it was historically produced. This unique form of sulphuric acid is distinct from regular concentrated sulphuric acid due to its higher concentration of sulphur trioxide, which gives it its fuming properties.
The concentration of sulphur trioxide in Nordhausen sulphuric acid ranges from 20% to 60%, compared to around 98% in regular concentrated sulphuric acid. This higher concentration results in the acid giving off dense and choking fumes, which are highly toxic and can cause severe respiratory damage if inhaled. The fumes are also highly corrosive to organic materials and can cause damage to metals.
Nordhausen sulphuric acid is primarily used in industrial applications, particularly in the production of dyes and pharmaceuticals. It is also utilized as a sulfonating agent in the organic synthesis of various chemicals. However, due to its highly hazardous nature and its tendency to release toxic fumes, strict safety precautions and proper ventilation are necessary when handling and working with this compound. Protective equipment and proper training are essential to prevent accidents and minimize the risk of harm to the environment and individuals.
Fuming sulphuric acid, sulphuric acid containing sulphurous acid gas in solution.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.