NITROTOLUENE Meaning and
Definition
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Nitrotoluene is a chemical compound that consists of a methyl group (-CH3) attached to the benzene ring, which has one or more nitro groups (-NO2) attached to it. It is also referred to as methyl nitrobenzene. Nitrotoluene exists in three main isomeric forms, including ortho-nitrotoluene (o-nitrotoluene), meta-nitrotoluene (m-nitrotoluene), and para-nitrotoluene (p-nitrotoluene), wherein the position of the nitro group differs.
Physically, nitrotoluene is a colorless to light yellow liquid with a strong aromatic odor similar to that of benzene. It has a relatively high boiling point and is sparingly soluble in water but dissolves easily in organic solvents like ethanol and ether.
Nitrotoluene has various applications across industries. It serves as an intermediate compound in the synthesis of several chemicals, including dyes, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides. Additionally, it is commonly used as a solvent for resins and polymers due to its excellent dissolution properties.
However, it is important to note that nitrotoluene, especially o-nitrotoluene, can pose health hazards. It is considered toxic if swallowed, inhaled, or if it comes into contact with the skin or eyes. Chronic exposure to nitrotoluene may cause harmful effects on the blood, liver, and central nervous system.
Overall, nitrotoluene is a chemical compound with wide applicability in the industry, but its potential hazards should be properly managed and precautions should be taken to ensure safe handling.
Etymology of NITROTOLUENE
The word "nitrotoluene" is derived from the combination of two components: "nitro" and "toluene".
1. "Nitro" is derived from the Latin word "nitrum", meaning "saltpeter". The term "nitro-" is used as a prefix in chemistry to indicate the presence of a nitro group (-NO2), which consists of one nitrogen atom and two oxygen atoms. The nitro group is commonly found in organic compounds, adding specific chemical properties to the molecules.
2. "Toluene" is derived from the older name for the substance, "toluol" or "toluolum". The term "toluene" itself originated from "tolu", which refers to a balsam or resin derived from the South American tree Myroxylon balsamum. The balsam has a sweet aroma, similar to that of toluene.
