NEW KINGDOM Meaning and
Definition
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The term "New Kingdom" refers to a specific period in ancient Egyptian history that lasted from around 1550 BCE to 1077 BCE. It is characterized as the third and final phase of the larger Ancient Egyptian division known as the "Pharaonic Era." The New Kingdom is often considered one of the most prosperous and influential periods in Egyptian civilization.
During this time, Egypt witnessed significant political, military, and cultural developments. It saw the establishment of powerful pharaohs who expanded their empire with military campaigns, most notably under pharaohs like Thutmose III and Ramses II. The New Kingdom was marked by increased international contacts and trade, with Egypt engaging in diplomatic relationships and military confrontations with neighboring states such as the Hittites and Assyrians.
Architectural achievements flourished during the New Kingdom, notably with the construction of famous structures like the temples of Abu Simbel and Karnak, as well as the Valley of the Kings, where pharaohs and high-ranking officials were buried.
Culturally, the New Kingdom witnessed the peak of artistic excellence, resulting in the creation of intricate and exquisite artwork, such as detailed reliefs and impressive statues. These art forms primarily focused on praising and representing the pharaohs and their victories.
The New Kingdom ultimately came to an end with internal struggles, foreign invasions, and a decline in centralized authority. Nevertheless, its impact on Egyptian culture, art, and politics left a lasting legacy that continues to fascinate and inspire archaeologists, historians, and enthusiasts alike.
Etymology of NEW KINGDOM
The etymology of the phrase "new kingdom" can be traced back to the Old English word "niwe" meaning "new" and the Middle English word "kyngedom" meaning "kingdom". "Niwe" originated from the Proto-Germanic word "*newjaz", which eventually evolved into the present-day English term "new". Similarly, "kyngedom" can be traced back to the Old English word "cyningdom", derived from "cyning" meaning "king". These two words were combined to create the phrase "new kingdom", which is commonly used to refer to a period in ancient Egyptian history known as the "New Kingdom" (between the 16th century BC and the 11th century BC).
