NEUTRON REFLECTOR Meaning and
Definition
-
A neutron reflector is a material or device used in nuclear reactors to enhance the efficiency and control the rate of nuclear fission reactions by reflecting back neutrons that might otherwise escape from the reactor core. Neutrons are uncharged particles that are produced during the fission process and are essential for sustaining a chain reaction. However, they have a tendency to escape the reactor core, leading to a loss of energy and reduced efficiency.
A neutron reflector is typically made of a material with a high atomic number, such as beryllium or graphite, that has the ability to effectively reflect neutrons. When the fast neutrons produced by fission collide with the neutron reflector, they bounce back into the core, increasing the chances of further fission reactions. This reflection process helps increase the overall number of neutrons available and slows down the rate at which they escape, thereby enhancing the efficiency and control of the nuclear reactions.
In addition to reflecting neutrons, the neutron reflector also acts as a moderator, slowing down fast neutrons and converting them into thermal neutrons, which are more efficient in inducing fission. This dual role of a neutron reflector makes it an essential component of nuclear reactors, especially in reactors utilizing highly enriched uranium or plutonium fuels.
Ensuring the proper design and placement of neutron reflectors is crucial for maintaining the stability and optimal performance of a nuclear reactor, as they directly influence the reactivity and power distribution within the core.
Etymology of NEUTRON REFLECTOR
The term "neutron reflector" is made up of two components: "neutron" and "reflector".
The word "neutron" originated from the Latin word "neutro", which means "neither". It was first coined by the physicist Ernest Rutherford in 1921 to describe electrically neutral particles within the atomic nucleus. The suffix "-on" was added to "neutr-" to denote a particle, hence giving rise to "neutron".
The word "reflector" comes from the Latin term "reflectere", which means "to bend back". The noun form "reflector" refers to an object or surface that reflects light or other waves by redirecting them. It was first used in the early 18th century.
Combining these two terms, "neutron reflector" refers to a material or device that reflects or bounces back neutrons, redirecting their path.
