NEUROTOXIN Meaning and
Definition
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A neurotoxin is a poisonous substance or agent that specifically targets and disrupts the normal functioning of the nervous system, either central or peripheral. It is a toxic compound that has the capacity to directly damage or destroy neurons, which are the specialized cells responsible for transmitting and processing information in the brain, spinal cord, and throughout the body.
Neurotoxins can interfere with the normal transmission of nerve impulses, block the release or reception of neurotransmitters (chemical messengers), or alter the metabolism and function of neurons. This disruption can result in a wide range of neurological symptoms and potentially severe implications for an individual's health.
Exposure to neurotoxins can occur through various routes, such as inhalation, ingestion, or even through the skin. Some common examples of neurotoxins include heavy metals like lead and mercury, certain pesticides, industrial chemicals, venom from certain animals, and even some medications when taken in excessive amounts.
The effects of neurotoxins on the nervous system can vary widely depending on the specific toxin, its concentration, duration of exposure, and the individual's susceptibility. In some cases, neurotoxins may cause immediate and acute symptoms like seizures, paralysis, or loss of consciousness. In other instances, exposure to lower levels over an extended period of time may lead to chronic neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease or Alzheimer's disease.
Understanding and identifying neurotoxins is crucial in the fields of toxicology, medicine, and public health, as they can pose significant hazards to human health and the environment.
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A cytotoxin specific for cells of the central nervous system, neurolysin.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
Common Misspellings for NEUROTOXIN
Etymology of NEUROTOXIN
The word "neurotoxin" is derived from two root words: "neuro-" and "toxin".
1. The prefix "neuro-" is derived from the Greek word "neuron", meaning "nerve". "Neuron" itself is derived from the Greek word "neuron", which means "sinew" or "tendon".
2. The term "toxin" is derived from the Latin word "toxicum", meaning "poison". "Toxicum" is further derived from the Latin word "toxicus", which means "poisoned" or "venomous".
Combining these roots, "neurotoxin" refers to a substance that specifically affects or is poisonous to the nerves or nervous system.
Similar spelling words for NEUROTOXIN
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