Neurosis, also known as neuroticism or neurotic disorder, is a psychological term used to describe a category of mental disorders predominantly characterized by excessive and irrational fears, anxieties, and distress. These disorders stem from underlying psychological conflicts, unresolved emotions, and dysfunctional coping mechanisms. Individuals with neurosis tend to experience significant distress and impairment in their daily lives, often struggling with self-esteem, relationships, and decision-making.
Neurosis encompasses a wide range of specific disorders, such as phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It can manifest in various ways, including persistent worrying, excessive guilt or self-blame, difficulty concentrating or making decisions, perfectionism, compulsions or rituals, and avoidance of certain situations or stimuli.
While neurosis is distinct from psychoses, where a person might lose touch with reality, it still significantly impacts an individual's overall well-being and functioning. Neurotic symptoms can cause distress, impairment in daily functioning, and can lead to physical symptoms such as headaches, gastrointestinal issues, and sleep disturbances.
Treatment for neurosis typically involves psychotherapy, where individuals can explore and identify the underlying causes of their distressing symptoms. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), and psychodynamic therapy are widely used techniques to address the dysfunctional thought patterns, emotional regulation, and coping strategies associated with neurotic disorders. Depending on the severity of symptoms, medication may also be prescribed to manage anxiety or related conditions.
As understanding and awareness surrounding mental health continue to evolve, there is ongoing discussion and debate regarding the classification and diagnostic criteria of neurosis within the field of psychology.
