NEUROHORMONAL Meaning and
Definition
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Neurohormonal is an adjective used to describe the interaction and communication between the nervous system and the endocrine system in an organism. It refers to the release and action of hormones in response to neuronal signals or vice versa, ultimately influencing physiological processes and maintaining homeostasis.
The nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, controls and coordinates the body's activities through electrical signals called nerve impulses. The endocrine system, composed of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream, regulates various bodily functions, including growth, metabolism, reproduction, and stress response. The coordination and integration of these two systems are crucial for the overall functioning of an organism.
The term neurohormonal typically refers to the involvement of the brain and its interactions with the hormonal system. For example, when the brain detects a threat or stressor, it may initiate the release of stress hormones like adrenaline and cortisol from the adrenal glands. These hormones then prepare the body for action through various mechanisms, such as increasing heart rate, enhancing glucose availability, and suppressing nonessential functions like digestion.
Neurohormonal processes are also involved in numerous other physiological functions, including regulation of sleep, appetite, mood, and reproductive behaviors. Imbalances or dysregulation in the neurohormonal system can result in various disorders and diseases, such as hormonal imbalances, mood disorders, and metabolic disorders.
In summary, neurohormonal refers to the intricate and interconnected relationship between the nervous and endocrine systems, enabling communication and regulation of bodily functions through the release and action of hormones.
Etymology of NEUROHORMONAL
The word "neurohormonal" is derived from the combination of two root words: "neuro" and "hormonal".
- "Neuro" is a prefix derived from the Greek word "neuron", meaning "nerve". It is commonly used in scientific and medical terms related to the nervous system.
- "Hormonal" refers to "hormone", which comes from the Greek word "hormon", meaning "to stir up" or "urge on". Hormones are chemical messengers that are produced and secreted by various glands and tissues in the body, influencing physiological processes.
Therefore, the term "neurohormonal" refers to something that involves or relates to both the nervous system and hormones. It is often used to describe the interaction or influence of nervous system signaling and hormonal regulation within the body.
