Nervus splanchnicus major, also known as the greater splanchnic nerve, is a term used in anatomy to describe one of the paired sympathetic nerves in the human body. It originates from the sympathetic chain ganglia located in the thoracic region of the spinal cord, specifically between the fifth and ninth thoracic vertebrae.
The nervus splanchnicus major runs in a downward direction and descends through the diaphragm into the abdomen. Within the thoracic cavity, it typically passes anteriorly to the head and posteriorly to the neck of the rib. Once it reaches the abdominal cavity, it further branches out into smaller nerves that innervate various abdominal organs such as the stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and adrenal glands.
Functionally, the nervus splanchnicus major is part of the sympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for regulating the body's involuntary "fight-or-flight" response. This nerve carries sympathetic signals that control the constriction of blood vessels, secretion of hormones, and stimulation of various organs in response to stress or arousal. It showcases the interconnectedness between the central nervous system and the visceral organs, facilitating coordinated physiological responses during stressful situations.
Understanding the anatomical and functional aspects of the nervus splanchnicus major is essential for medical professionals, particularly those specializing in physiology, neurology, or surgery.
