A nervous system tumor, also known as a brain or central nervous system tumor, is an abnormal growth or mass of cells that develops within the brain or spinal cord. Nervous system tumors can be categorized as either benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). They can arise from various types of cells in the nervous system, including the brain cells (neurons and glial cells), meninges (membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord), and the spinal cord itself.
These tumors can interfere with the normal functioning of the nervous system, causing a range of symptoms depending on their size, location, and rate of growth. Symptoms may include persistent headaches, seizures, memory problems, changes in mood or behavior, difficulty walking, or impairment of sensory functions, such as vision or hearing.
The cause of nervous system tumors is not always clear, although certain risk factors such as genetic mutations, exposure to ionizing radiation, or previous history of other cancers may increase the likelihood of developing these tumors. Diagnosis usually involves a combination of medical history review, neurological examination, imaging techniques (such as magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scans), and sometimes a biopsy to determine the type of tumor.
Treatment options for nervous system tumors depend on various factors, such as the type, size, and location of the tumor, as well as the age and overall health of the individual. These may include surgical removal, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, targeted drug therapy, or a combination of these approaches. Regular follow-up monitoring is important to assess the response to treatment and detect any recurrence or new tumors.
