Neonomianism is a theological doctrine that emphasizes the role of faith and obedience in salvation. The word is spelled with six syllables, and the IPA phonetic transcription is /niːə(ʊ)ˈnəʊmiənɪzəm/. The "neo-" prefix refers to something new, while the "-nomianism" suffix comes from the Greek word "nomos," meaning law. So, Neonomianism is a belief in a new legalism that emphasizes the role of obedience to the law of Christ in achieving salvation. This term is often used in discussions of Protestant theology and is related to the concept of "grace versus works."
Neonomianism refers to a theological doctrine that emerged in the late 17th century and gained prominence in the 18th century. The term itself derives from the combination of the Greek words "neo" meaning "new" and "nomos" meaning "law," suggesting the belief in a new law or a new interpretation of the law. Neonomianism contrasts with Antinomianism, which is the rejection of the law or the belief that adherence to moral or religious law is unnecessary for salvation.
In neonomian theology, proponents argue that while individuals are justified by faith alone, the moral law still holds relevance in the Christian life. Neonomians believe that Christ's death and resurrection ushered in a "new law" or a "law of grace," which is based on love and gratitude for God's salvation. This new law emphasizes obedience and holiness as a response to God's grace.
Neonomianism gained attention with the works of theologians like Richard Baxter, John Wesley, and Philip Doddridge. They emphasized the necessity of good works and holy living as evidence of true faith and salvation, while acknowledging that salvation itself comes solely through faith in Christ.
Critics of neonomianism argue that it risks downplaying the role of God's grace and may lead to legalism or works-based righteousness. They contend that neonomians drift towards an understanding that sinners are justified by faith and the works that flow from that faith, potentially overshadowing the central doctrine of salvation through faith alone.
The word "Neonomianism" is derived from the combination of two Latin and Greek roots.
The first part, "neo", comes from the Greek word "neos", which means "new".
The second part, "nomianism", comes from the Latin word "nomos", which means "law". It is derived from the Greek word "nomos", which also means "law".
Therefore, "Neonomianism" combines "neo", meaning "new", with "nomianism", meaning "law", to refer to a theological position or belief system that emphasizes a new or revised understanding of the law.