Nannizzia, also known as Microsporum canis, is a type of dermatophytic fungus that commonly infects the skin, hair, and nails of humans and animals. It is a zoophilic dermatophyte, meaning it primarily originates from animals, particularly cats and dogs. Nannizzia is a filamentous fungus belonging to the Arthrodermataceae family.
When Nannizzia infects the skin, it causes a fungal skin infection known as dermatophytosis, or more commonly, ringworm. The infection presents with circular, red, scaly patches on the skin surface, accompanied by itching and inflammation. It can also affect the hair, causing temporary hair loss and creating distinct bald patches. In nails, Nannizzia can cause a condition called onychomycosis, leading to thickening, discolouration, and brittleness of the nails.
The fungus spreads through direct contact with infected animals, their fur, or contaminated surfaces like bedding. It can also be transmitted from one person to another, as well as through contact with soil harboring the fungal spores. Proper hygiene practices and regular cleaning are essential for prevention and control of Nannizzia infections.
Treatment typically involves antifungal medications, both topical and oral, to eliminate the fungal infection. Frequently, topical agents are sufficient for mild infections, while more severe or systemic cases may require oral medication. It is important to complete the full course of treatment to effectively eradicate the fungus and prevent relapse.
Due to its prevalence and the potential for transmission, proper identification and diagnosis of Nannizzia infections are crucial to prompt treatment and prevent further spread of the fungus.
