Nacre, also referred to as mother-of-pearl, is a substance known for its iridescent appearance and is primarily found in the shells of various mollusks, especially certain species of oysters and freshwater mussels. It is an organic-inorganic composite material. The term nacre is derived from the Arabic word "naqqarah," which means shell.
Nacre is composed of layers of calcium carbonate crystals, secreted by the epithelial cells that line the internal surface of the mollusk's shell. These layers are separated by thin organic material called conchiolin, which acts as a binding agent. The arrangement of the crystals and conchiolin in nacre is what creates its characteristic shimmering effect, called iridescence.
The optical properties of nacre make it highly desirable for decorative purposes, such as jewelry, inlay work, and buttons. Its lustrous appearance and range of colors, ranging from pearly white to various shades of blue, green, and pink, make it a popular choice for creating aesthetically pleasing objects.
Apart from its decorative applications, nacre is also highly valued for its durability and toughness. The structure of nacre enables it to resist fractures and cracks, making it an ideal material for protective coatings. It is often used to make various items, including buttons, beads, and watch dials. Additionally, the material's tactile smoothness and its ability to be shaped and polished easily have led to its use in the creation of musical instrument inlays and fine furniture.
