NaClO, also known as sodium hypochlorite, is a chemical compound with the chemical formula NaClO. It is a pale greenish-yellow, highly corrosive, and strongly alkaline liquid. Sodium hypochlorite is a common household bleach, widely used as a disinfectant, oxidizing agent, and swimming pool sanitizer.
In terms of its composition, NaClO consists of sodium (Na) cations and hypochlorite (ClO-) anions. It is derived from the combination of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), commonly known as caustic soda or lye, and chlorine gas (Cl2).
NaClO is primarily used for its potent disinfectant properties. It effectively destroys bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms, making it a valuable component of cleaning and sterilization products. Due to its strong oxidizing nature, it can oxidize (remove electrons from) many substances, and therefore acts as a powerful bleaching agent, removing stains and discolorations.
In addition to its household applications, NaClO plays a crucial role in water treatment, wastewater management, and industrial processes. It is extensively used in the purification of drinking water and in various industrial sectors, such as pulp and paper, textile, and food processing.
However, it is important to handle NaClO with caution, as it can cause severe skin, eye, and respiratory irritation or burns. Care must be taken to avoid mixing it with other chemicals, particularly ammonia-containing compounds, as it can form toxic chloramines.
Overall, NaClO is a powerful chemical compound widely utilized for its disinfecting, oxidizing, and bleaching properties in various domestic, industrial, and medical applications.
