Myoma is a medical term used to describe a benign tumor that originates from smooth muscle cells within the uterus, commonly known as fibroids. These growths are typically non-cancerous and can vary in size, ranging from tiny nodules to large masses. Myomas develop due to the abnormal growth and multiplication of uterine muscle cells.
The presence of myomas may not always exhibit noticeable symptoms, but when symptoms do occur, they can include heavy menstrual bleeding, prolonged menstrual cycles, pelvic pain, frequent urination, constipation, and pressure or fullness in the abdomen. These symptoms are directly associated with the location, size, and number of myomas present in the uterus.
The exact cause of myomas remains unclear, but various factors may contribute to their development, such as hormonal imbalances, genetic predisposition, estrogen fluctuations, and obesity. Myomas are most commonly found in women of reproductive age, especially those who have never been pregnant.
Diagnosis of myomas involves a thorough medical history assessment, physical examination, and imaging tests, such as ultrasounds or MRIs. Treatment options for myomas depend on a woman's age, symptoms, desire for future fertility, and the size and location of the fibroids. Treatments can range from medication to surgical procedures, including myomectomy (removal of the fibroids) or hysterectomy (removal of the uterus).
While myomas are typically non-cancerous, they may cause significant discomfort and impact a woman's quality of life. Therefore, early detection and appropriate management are crucial for minimizing symptoms and preventing complications in affected individuals.
