MYELOPEROXIDASE Meaning and
Definition
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Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is an enzyme that belongs to the family of heme-containing peroxidases. It is mainly found within the azurophilic granules of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, and to a lesser extent in monocytes and some tissue macrophages. The primary role of myeloperoxidase is to participate in the immune response by generating highly reactive species, particularly hypochlorous acid (HOCl), from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and chloride ions (Cl-).
The myeloperoxidase enzyme plays a crucial role in the killing of microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi, by neutrophils. It accomplishes this by producing hypochlorous acid, a potent oxidant that can directly destroy pathogens or damage their critical molecules, leading to their demise. Additionally, myeloperoxidase is involved in the oxidation of other non-chloride substrates, including nitrite and bromide ions, further contributing to its antimicrobial activity.
Apart from its antimicrobial functions, myeloperoxidase has been implicated in various inflammatory conditions, including atherosclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and certain forms of cancer. Increased levels of myeloperoxidase are often observed in these conditions, suggesting its potential role as a biomarker or therapeutic target for such diseases.
In conclusion, myeloperoxidase is an enzyme primarily found in the azurophilic granules of neutrophils, responsible for generating hypochlorous acid to kill microorganisms during the immune response. It also has been implicated in various inflammatory conditions, indicating its broader involvement in human health and disease.
Common Misspellings for MYELOPEROXIDASE
- nyeloperoxidase
- kyeloperoxidase
- jyeloperoxidase
- mteloperoxidase
- mgeloperoxidase
- mheloperoxidase
- mueloperoxidase
- m7eloperoxidase
- m6eloperoxidase
- mywloperoxidase
- mysloperoxidase
- mydloperoxidase
- myrloperoxidase
- my4loperoxidase
- my3loperoxidase
- myekoperoxidase
- myepoperoxidase
- myeooperoxidase
- myeliperoxidase
- myelkperoxidase
Etymology of MYELOPEROXIDASE
The word "Myeloperoxidase" has its roots in Greek and Latin.
The prefix "myelo-" comes from the Greek word "myelos", which means marrow. In this context, it refers to the bone marrow, where certain cells involved in the immune response, called myeloid cells, are produced.
The word "peroxidase" is derived from the Latin word "peroxide" which comes from "perox(i)-" meaning "through" or "completely", and "-id-" meaning "having the nature of". "Peroxidase" refers to an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of organic compounds using hydrogen peroxide.
Therefore, "myeloperoxidase" is an enzyme found predominantly in myeloid cells, particularly in neutrophils, which play a crucial role in the immune response by producing reactive oxygen species to kill bacteria and other pathogens.
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