Musculus trachelomastoideus is a complex term with a difficult spelling. It refers to a muscle located in the neck. The word is composed of three Latin words: musculus, meaning "muscle"; trachelo, meaning "neck"; and mastoideus, meaning "mastoid bone." The IPA phonetic transcription for this word is: /ˈmʌskjʊləs trəˌkɛloʊmæsˈtɔɪdiəs/. This spelling includes the stress on each syllable, the pronunciation of the letters as individual sounds, and the emphasis on the three roots of the word.
Musculus trachelomastoideus, also known as the sternocleidomastoid muscle, is a prominent skeletal muscle located in the anterior region of the neck. It is a paired muscle, meaning that it is present on both sides of the neck. The name "musculus trachelomastoideus" is derived from its origin and insertion points.
The muscle originates from two separate bony attachments: the sternum, which is the breastbone, and the clavicle or collarbone. From these origins, the muscle extends upwards and attaches to the mastoid process of the temporal bone, located behind the ear. This specific arrangement of attachments gives the muscle its triangular shape.
The primary function of the musculus trachelomastoideus is to perform various movements of the head and neck. Acting unilaterally, it causes rotation of the head to the opposite side, as well as lateral flexion of the neck. Acting bilaterally, it flexes the neck and raises the sternum during forceful inhalation. Additionally, it assists in the elevation of the mandible or jawbone during chewing and swallowing.
The musculus trachelomastoideus receives its nerve supply from the accessory nerve, also known as the eleventh cranial nerve. This nerve provides motor innervation to the muscle, allowing for its contraction and function.
Overall, the musculus trachelomastoideus plays a vital role in controlling the movements and stability of the head and neck, making it an integral part of the musculoskeletal system.
M. longissimus capitis.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The word "musculus trachelomastoideus" originates from Latin and Greek roots. Here is the breakdown:
1. "Musculus": In Latin, "musculus" means "muscle". It derives from the diminutive form of "mus", which means "mouse", suggesting the similar appearance of small muscles under the skin.
2. "Trachelo-": This prefix comes from the Greek term "trachḗlon", which means "neck". It is often used in medical terminology to refer to structures related to the neck.
3. "-mastoideus": This suffix derives from the Greek word "mastoidḗs", meaning "breast-shaped". It refers to the mastoid process, a bony prominence located behind the ear that resembles a breast in shape.