Multicystic Dysplastic Kidneys (MCDK) is a medical condition characterized by the abnormal development of the kidneys during prenatal development. It is a congenital disorder, meaning it is present from birth, and affects both kidneys.
The term "multicystic" refers to the presence of multiple fluid-filled sacs called cysts within the kidneys. These cysts replace normal kidney tissue and result in the kidneys becoming enlarged and distorted in shape. The cysts are usually non-communicating, meaning they do not connect to the urinary system.
"Dysplastic" describes the abnormal cellular development that occurs in the affected kidneys. Instead of developing into functional kidney tissue, the cells develop irregularly, leading to the formation of these fluid-filled cysts.
Multicystic Dysplastic Kidneys often occur unilaterally, affecting only one kidney, but can also be bilateral, affecting both kidneys. In some cases, the affected kidney(s) may not function at all, and in other cases, they may still have some limited function, although not enough to maintain proper kidney function.
This condition is usually diagnosed during prenatal ultrasound examinations, as the cysts are detectable before birth. Treatment for Multicystic Dysplastic Kidneys often depends on the degree of involvement and the functioning of the affected kidney(s). In some cases, no treatment may be necessary, and the condition may resolve on its own. However, in other cases, surgery to remove the affected kidney(s) may be required to prevent further complications and promote normal kidney development and function.
