Pronunciation: [mˈʌd hˈɛn] (IPA) 
"Mud hen" is a term used to describe a type of water bird commonly found in North America. When broken down phonetically, it can be spelled as /mʌd hɛn/. The first syllable, "mud," is pronounced with a short "u" sound as in "mum" and the second syllable, "hen," is pronounced with the short "e" sound as in "pet." The word is commonly spelled as two separate words, but can also be combined into one word, "mudhen."
A mud hen refers to a species of aquatic bird known scientifically as the coot, belonging to the family Rallidae and the genus Fulica. This term is colloquially used to describe the American coot (Fulica americana) or the Eurasian coot (Fulica atra), both of which are marsh-dwelling birds.
The mud hen derives its name from its affinity for living and foraging in muddy habitats such as swamps, wetlands, and marshes. The bird measures around 14 to 16 inches in length and possesses predominantly black plumage with white feathering on its face and bill. Characteristic physical features include a distinctive white beak and a peculiar red or orange-colored eye. Its feet are uniquely lobed, enabling it to swim efficiently and navigate through muddy or vegetated waters.
Primarily herbivorous, the mud hen feeds on aquatic plants, seeds, and other vegetation found in its habitat. With an ability to dive and swim beneath the water's surface, it actively forages for food, occasionally venturing onto land for short periods. The mud hen is known for its sharp, harsh call, often described as a "kuk" or a "kowk," which it emits frequently, especially during the breeding season.
Considered a widespread and adaptable species, mud hens are often encountered in North America and Europe, displaying a propensity for forming large flocks. Their intriguing behavior, distinct appearance, and association with marshy landscapes have made them a subject of interest among birdwatchers and nature enthusiasts.
The term "mud hen" has a somewhat unclear etymology. It is a colloquial name used to refer to several different bird species, primarily the American coot (Fulica americana) and the especially the common moorhen (Gallinula chloropus). Additionally, "mud hen" also refers to a small marsh bird known as the clapper rail or marsh hen.
The origin of the term "mud hen" is believed to stem from the bird's habitat and behavior. Both the coot and the moorhen are commonly found in wetland areas, particularly marshes and swamps, where they feed on aquatic plants and invertebrates. These habitats often have muddy bottoms, and the birds are known to navigate through the mud as they forage for food. As a result, they gained the nickname "mud hen" due to their affinity for muddy areas.
