Moro Reflex is a term used in pediatric medicine to describe a reflexive response that newborn babies have when startled or frightened. The spelling of this word is based on the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) and is pronounced /ˈmɔːrəʊ ˈriːflɛks/. The first syllable is pronounced with an open-mid back-rounded vowel, while the second syllable has a long e sound. The word 'reflex' is spelled as it sounds, with the emphasis on the second syllable. This reflex is a normal part of a baby's development and typically disappears after three to six months.
The Moro Reflex, also known as the Moro or startle reflex, is an involuntary response that occurs in newborns and infants. It is a primitive reflex that manifests when an infant experiences a sudden change in their body position, a loud noise, or a feeling of being unsupported. This reflex is named after Ernst Moro, an Austrian pediatrician who first described it in 1918.
The Moro Reflex typically involves an initial response where the infant quickly extends their arms and hands outward, followed by a subsequent inward flexion or clenching of the arms and hands. This reflex is often accompanied by other physiological responses, such as rapid breathing or crying.
The purpose of the Moro Reflex is believed to be a protective mechanism for the infant. It helps to ensure their safety by eliciting a startle response when they perceive a potential threat or danger. The sudden extension of the arms is thought to create a larger physical presence, potentially scaring off predators or alerting caregivers to pay attention and provide support.
As an infant grows and develops, the Moro Reflex tends to diminish and eventually disappears around three to six months of age. Its disappearance is an indication of neurological maturity and the development of more controlled voluntary movements.
Overall, the Moro Reflex is a primitive survival response exhibited by infants, helping to protect them from perceived threats by initiating a startle response and alerting caregivers to their needs.
The word "Moro reflex" takes its name from Dr. Ernst Moro, an Austrian pediatrician who first described the reflex in 1918. Dr. Moro observed this instinctive response in newborn infants and noted its characteristic features. As a result of his observations, the reflex became known as the "Moro reflex" in his honor.