MONOALLELIC EXPRESSION Meaning and
Definition
-
Monoallelic expression refers to the phenomenon where only one of the two alleles of a given gene is expressed within an individual's cells or tissues. Alleles are different variations of a gene that occupy the same location on a specific chromosome. Typically, in diploid organisms like humans, each individual receives two copies of each gene, one from each parent. However, in certain instances, one allele is selectively expressed, while the other remains inactive.
This process is regulated by various mechanisms, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, which can cause gene silencing or activation. Monoallelic expression plays a crucial role in certain biological processes, such as maintaining genetic diversity and ensuring proper development and function of cells and tissues.
There are different forms of monoallelic expression, including imprinted genes, which have one allele that is silenced during development and only the other allele is expressed, and random monoallelic expression, where either allele is chosen randomly for expression. Imprinted genes are involved in controlling growth and development, while random monoallelic expression is observed in specific genes responsible for immune system diversity and olfactory perception.
Monoallelic expression has implications for genetic disorders and diseases. Variations in the expression of imprinted genes can lead to abnormal growth and developmental disorders, while disruptions in the random monoallelic expression of immune or olfactory genes can affect an individual's ability to recognize foreign substances or scents. Studying monoallelic expression can provide insights into the mechanisms governing gene regulation and their impact on biological processes and diseases.
Common Misspellings for MONOALLELIC EXPRESSION
- nonoallelic expression
- konoallelic expression
- jonoallelic expression
- minoallelic expression
- mknoallelic expression
- mlnoallelic expression
- mpnoallelic expression
- m0noallelic expression
- m9noallelic expression
- moboallelic expression
- momoallelic expression
- mojoallelic expression
- mohoallelic expression
- moniallelic expression
- monkallelic expression
- monlallelic expression
- monpallelic expression
- mon0allelic expression
- mon9allelic expression
- monozllelic expression
Etymology of MONOALLELIC EXPRESSION
The term "monoallelic expression" is derived from the combination of two terms: "mono-" and "allelic expression".
1. Mono-: From the Greek word "monos", meaning "single" or "one". In English, the prefix "mono-" is often used to indicate something that is singular or present in only one.
2. Allelic: Referring to alleles, which are different versions or forms of a gene that occupy the same gene locus (or position) on a chromosome.
3. Expression: In genetics, expression refers to the process by which genetic information is used to create a functional gene product, such as a protein.
By combining these terms, "monoallelic expression" describes a phenomenon in genetics where only one allele at a particular locus is expressed or active, while the other allele is inactive or silenced.
