MOLECULES Meaning and
Definition
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Molecules are the smallest units of a substance that retain all of its chemical and physical properties. Consisting of two or more atoms that are joined together by chemical bonds, molecules can be composed of atoms from the same element or different elements. The arrangement and types of atoms within a molecule determine its unique properties and behavior.
Molecules can vary significantly in terms of size, ranging from simple diatomic molecules such as oxygen (O2) and hydrogen (H2), to large complex molecules like proteins and DNA. The study of molecules and their interactions is a fundamental part of chemistry and various scientific disciplines.
The concept of molecules is closely related to the idea of compounds, which are formed when different elements chemically combine to create a new substance with unique properties. Compounds consist of molecules or a group of ions held together by chemical bonds, and they are often represented by chemical formulas that indicate the types and quantities of atoms present.
Molecules play a vital role in many aspects of everyday life, affecting the physical and chemical properties of substances, as well as their interactions with other substances. Understanding the structure and behavior of molecules is essential for fields such as pharmacology, materials science, biochemistry, and many others.
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Etymology of MOLECULES
The word "molecules" comes from the late 18th-century French term "molécule", which was derived from the Latin word "moles" meaning "mass" or "barrier". In Latin, "moles" was used to refer to a small particle or a tiny mass. The term was introduced into French by the chemist and physicist Jean-Baptiste-André Dumas in 1811 to describe the smallest particle of a chemical compound that retains the chemical properties of that compound. The English word "molecules" was eventually derived from the French term.
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