MOLECULAR CLONING Meaning and
Definition
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Molecular cloning is a technique used in genetics and biotechnology that involves the replication and manipulation of DNA molecules. It is the process of creating identical copies of a particular DNA sequence, also referred to as a DNA clone. This technique allows scientists to study and manipulate specific genes and their functions.
The process of molecular cloning typically involves several steps. Initially, a source of DNA containing the desired gene of interest is identified. This DNA is then isolated from the source and purified. Next, a vector, which is a carrier molecule often derived from a bacterial or viral genome, is chosen. The DNA fragment containing the desired gene is then inserted into the vector through a process called ligation, creating a recombinant DNA molecule. This recombinant DNA is then introduced into a host organism, usually a bacterium, through a process known as transformation. The host organism then replicates the recombinant DNA, producing multiple copies of the desired gene.
Molecular cloning has numerous applications in both research and biotechnology. It allows scientists to study specific genes by manipulating their sequences and observing the resulting phenotypic changes. It is also integral in the production of recombinant proteins, such as insulin or growth hormones, for medical and industrial purposes. Additionally, molecular cloning is used in the development of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), which have numerous agricultural applications.
Overall, molecular cloning is a powerful technique in genetic research and biotechnology that enables scientists to study and manipulate DNA sequences, ultimately contributing to advancements in various fields.
Common Misspellings for MOLECULAR CLONING
- nolecular cloning
- kolecular cloning
- jolecular cloning
- milecular cloning
- mklecular cloning
- mllecular cloning
- mplecular cloning
- m0lecular cloning
- m9lecular cloning
- mokecular cloning
- mopecular cloning
- mooecular cloning
- molwcular cloning
- molscular cloning
- moldcular cloning
- molrcular cloning
- mol4cular cloning
- mol3cular cloning
- molexular cloning
- molevular cloning
Etymology of MOLECULAR CLONING
The word "molecular cloning" is composed of two main parts: "molecular" and "cloning".
1. Molecular: The term "molecular" comes from the Latin word "molecula" meaning a small mass or particle. It was first used in the scientific context in the early 19th century to refer to the smallest particles of a substance. From there, it evolved to represent the study of the structure, properties, and interactions of molecules.
2. Cloning: The term "cloning" comes from the Greek word "klon" meaning a twig or branch. It was originally used to describe the process of asexual reproduction in plants, where a new plant is generated from a cutting or a graft. In the context of biology, the term "cloning" was first used in the early 20th century to describe the process of creating genetically identical copies of an organism or specific genes.
