MITOCHONDRIAL TRANSHYDROGENASE Meaning and
Definition
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Mitochondrial transhydrogenase is an enzyme found in the mitochondria, which are small structures inside cells responsible for energy production. This enzyme plays a crucial role in the transfer of electrons and protons between molecules during cellular respiration, a process that generates energy for the cell.
Specifically, mitochondrial transhydrogenase catalyzes the transfer of protons (H+) from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+), resulting in the production of NAD+ and NADPH. This process, known as transhydrogenation, allows for the transfer of high-energy electrons from NADH to NADP+ and the subsequent formation of NADPH, an essential molecule involved in many cellular reactions.
The transfer of electrons and protons by mitochondrial transhydrogenase helps maintain the balance of energy production within the mitochondria and supports a variety of metabolic processes, including the synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol, the breakdown of glucose, and the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the main energy currency of the cell.
Mutations or dysregulation of mitochondrial transhydrogenase can lead to various metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance, diabetes, or oxidative stress. Consequently, understanding the function and regulation of this enzyme is essential for studying cellular metabolism and developing targeted therapies for related diseases.
Common Misspellings for MITOCHONDRIAL TRANSHYDROGENASE
- nitochondrial transhydrogenase
- kitochondrial transhydrogenase
- jitochondrial transhydrogenase
- mutochondrial transhydrogenase
- mjtochondrial transhydrogenase
- mktochondrial transhydrogenase
- motochondrial transhydrogenase
- m9tochondrial transhydrogenase
- m8tochondrial transhydrogenase
- mirochondrial transhydrogenase
- mifochondrial transhydrogenase
- migochondrial transhydrogenase
- miyochondrial transhydrogenase
- mi6ochondrial transhydrogenase
- mi5ochondrial transhydrogenase
- mitichondrial transhydrogenase
- mitkchondrial transhydrogenase
- mitlchondrial transhydrogenase
- mitpchondrial transhydrogenase
- mit0chondrial transhydrogenase
Etymology of MITOCHONDRIAL TRANSHYDROGENASE
The word "mitochondrial transhydrogenase" is composed of two main parts: "mitochondrial" and "transhydrogenase".
The term "mitochondrial" comes from the Greek words "mitos" meaning thread or filament, and "khondrion" meaning granule or granulation. It was coined by Carl Benda in 1898 to describe the filamentous structure he observed in cells. The term "mitochondria" refers to the specialized organelles found in most eukaryotic cells that are responsible for energy production.
"Transhydrogenase" is a compound word combining "trans-" and "hydrogenase". "Trans-" is a prefix derived from Latin meaning across or through, while "hydrogenase" is derived from the word "hydrogen" and the suffix "-ase" which denotes an enzyme.
