The spelling of "minority language" can be broken down phonetically as: /maɪˈnɒrɪti ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ/. The first syllable, "mai," is pronounced with a long "i" sound. The second syllable, "nor," is pronounced with a short "o" sound. The third syllable, "i," is pronounced with a short "i" sound. The fourth syllable, "ty," is pronounced with a long "i" sound. The final syllable, "lan-guage," is pronounced as spelled. Minority languages are languages spoken by a minority of people in a country, region or community.
A minority language refers to a language that is spoken by a relatively smaller number of people within a particular region or country, compared to the dominant or majority language(s) spoken in the same region. It is a linguistic term that denotes the status of a language within a societal context. Minority languages often exist as a result of historical, cultural, or demographic factors, with speakers forming a minority group within a larger population.
Characteristically, minority languages are associated with specific ethnic or cultural groups, who have preserved the language over time despite external pressures. These languages are typically not widely used in public or official domains, but are limited to specific communities or certain geographical areas. They may occupy a subordinate position to the majority language, facing threats of marginalization or even extinction due to language shift, assimilation, or government policies that prioritize the dominant language.
The protection and revitalization of minority languages are important cultural and linguistic objectives, as they are repositories of rich cultural heritage and diverse knowledge systems. Governments, organizations, and linguistic communities often undertake various measures to promote the use and preservation of minority languages, such as adopting language policies, establishing bilingual education programs, providing resources for language learning and documentation, and supporting community initiatives.
The recognition and respect of minority languages contribute to linguistic diversity, inclusive societies, and the preservation of cultural identities. They provide individuals with the ability to communicate, express themselves, and participate fully in their social, educational, and professional spheres in their mother tongues, fostering a sense of pride, belonging, and social cohesion within minority communities.
The etymology of the word "minority language" stems from two separate origins: "minority" and "language".
The term "minority" has its roots in the Latin word "minor", meaning "less" or "lesser". It eventually evolved into "minoritatem" in Old French, which refers to the state or quality of being smaller or lesser.
On the other hand, the word "language" originates from the Old French word "langage", which was derived from the Latin word "lingua", meaning "tongue" or "speech".
When combined, "minority language" refers to a language spoken by a minority group within a particular society or region. It suggests that the language is used by a smaller or lesser number of individuals compared to the dominant or majority language in that area.