MICROBODIES Meaning and
Definition
-
Microbodies are tiny, membrane-bound organelles present in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, particularly in plant and animal cells. They are diverse and specialized structures involved in various metabolic processes and play essential roles in cell function. These organelles are typically spherical or oval in shape and have a size range of about 0.2 to 1.5 micrometers.
Microbodies are characterized by their distinct lipid bilayer membrane, which separates their contents from the cytoplasm. These organelles contain various enzymes, including oxidases, catalases, and peroxidases, which are responsible for different types of metabolic reactions.
The most well-known type of microbody is the peroxisome, which houses enzymes involved in hydrogen peroxide metabolism, lipid metabolism, and detoxification of harmful substances. Peroxisomes are particularly abundant in cells requiring high metabolic activity, such as liver and kidney cells.
Another type of microbody is the glyoxysome, which is mainly present in plant cells. Glyoxysomes are involved in the conversion of stored lipids into carbohydrates during germination and early seedling growth.
Microbodies are essential for several vital cellular processes, including fatty acid metabolism, detoxification of harmful substances, and the breakdown of reactive oxygen species. They play crucial roles in energy production, especially in cells that require high levels of fatty acid oxidation.
Overall, microbodies are highly specialized organelles that contribute to the overall metabolic homeostasis of eukaryotic cells, ensuring their proper functioning and survival.
Etymology of MICROBODIES
The word "microbodies" is derived from two root words: "micro" and "bodies".
1. Micro: The term "micro" comes from the Greek word "mikros", meaning "small" or "short". It is commonly used as a prefix in scientific terminology to indicate small size or scale, such as in words like microorganism, microscope, or microchip.
2. Bodies: The word "bodies" comes from the Old English word "bodig" or "bodiġ", which means "trunk" or "physical form". Over time, it has evolved to refer to any coherent mass or collection of matter, such as physical bodies, celestial bodies, or cells.
Therefore, when combined, "microbodies" refers to small bodies or small organized structures.
