Metirosine, also known by its trade name Demser, is a medication classified as a selective irreversible inhibitor of the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase. It is primarily used in medical settings for the management of certain conditions such as pheochromocytoma, a rare tumor that develops in the adrenal glands and overproduces adrenaline and noradrenaline.
Metirosine works by interfering with the biosynthesis of catecholamines, which are hormones involved in various physiological processes. By inhibiting tyrosine hydroxylase, the enzyme responsible for converting the amino acid tyrosine into dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine, metirosine can effectively reduce the production of these neurotransmitters and hormones.
By reducing the levels of catecholamines, metirosine helps control and mitigate the symptoms associated with conditions like pheochromocytoma, including high blood pressure, excessive sweating, and rapid heartbeat. It may also be used as an adjunct therapy in combination with other medications, such as alpha-adrenergic antagonists or beta-blockers, to further manage the symptoms of pheochromocytoma.
It is important to note that metirosine should only be used under the supervision and prescription of a healthcare professional due to potential side effects and possible drug interactions. These may include drowsiness, gastrointestinal disturbances, depression, and changes in liver function. Regular monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate, and liver enzymes is typically required during treatment to ensure its effectiveness and safety.
