A metal matrix composite refers to a type of material that consists of a metal matrix or base material, which is reinforced by the inclusion of a second phase material, typically in the form of particles, fibers, or whiskers. This combination leads to enhanced properties that exceed those of the individual components, making it a versatile and high-performance material.
The metal matrix composite is characterized by its ability to exhibit improved strength, stiffness, wear resistance, thermal conductivity, and/or other desired mechanical and physical properties. These improvements arise from the reinforcement phase, which can include materials such as ceramics, carbon, graphite, or even other metals. The second phase strengthens the composite, effectively reinforcing the metal matrix and thus enhancing its overall performance.
Due to their versatility, metal matrix composites find applications across various industries, including aerospace, automotive, electronics, defense, and sports. They are often used in structural components, where lightweight and high strength are critical requirements. Furthermore, their excellent thermal management properties make them suitable for heat sinks and components that require effective heat dissipation.
Manufacturing processes used to produce metal matrix composites range from powder metallurgy, where the reinforcement particles are mixed with metal powders and then consolidated, to liquid metal infiltration, where the molten matrix is infiltrated into fiber preforms. Both approaches result in a material with a unique combination of properties that can be tailored for specific applications.
