The spelling "medullocell" can be broken down into its phonetic components using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). The first syllable "medullo" is pronounced as meh-doo-loh, with the stress on the second syllable. The second syllable "cell" is pronounced as sel, with a short "e" sound. Together, the word describes a type of cell found in the medulla, the innermost part of an organ such as the kidney or adrenal gland. Accurate spelling and pronunciation of scientific and medical terms is crucial for clear communication in these fields.
Medullocell refers to any of the cells found in the medulla, which is the innermost region or core of a structure. The term "medullocell" is often used in the context of the adrenal gland, specifically in relation to the medulla of the adrenal gland. The adrenal glands are small, triangular-shaped endocrine glands located on top of the kidneys. They consist of two parts: the outer cortex and the inner medulla.
The medulla of the adrenal gland is responsible for producing and releasing hormones called catecholamines, such as adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine). Medullocells are specialized cells within the medulla that synthesize and secrete these hormones directly into the bloodstream in response to stress or other stimuli. The release of catecholamines from medullocells helps prepare the body for the "fight or flight" response, increasing heart rate, raising blood pressure, and boosting energy levels.
Medullocells are characterized by their polygonal shape and large, granular appearance. Their cytoplasm contains numerous vesicles known as chromaffin granules, which store and release the catecholamines. These cells are innervated by sympathetic nerve fibers, which stimulate the release of the catecholamines. Medullocells work in coordination with other cells in the adrenal gland, such as the cells of the adrenal cortex, to maintain homeostasis and regulate various physiological processes in the body.
In conclusion, medullocell is a term used to describe cells that are specifically found in the medulla of the adrenal gland and are responsible for the production and release of adrenaline and noradrenaline hormones into the bloodstream.
Myelocyte.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.