MEDICATED INTRAUTERINE DEVICES Meaning and
Definition
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Medicated intrauterine devices (IUDs) refer to a form of long-acting reversible contraception that is inserted and positioned in the uterus to prevent unwanted pregnancies. These devices are designed to release hormones into the surrounding tissues to provide contraceptive effectiveness.
IUDs are small, T-shaped devices typically made of plastic or metal, with the addition of a medication reservoir in medicated IUDs. They are usually inserted into the womb by a healthcare professional. The medication reservoir contains a hormonal substance, most commonly levonorgestrel, a synthetic form of progesterone. This hormone is slowly released into the uterus, primarily inhibiting the process of ovulation and thickening the cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to reach and fertilize the egg, thus preventing pregnancy.
Medicated IUDs are highly effective, with a failure rate of less than 1%, making them one of the most reliable forms of contraception available. They provide long-term protection, with the added advantage of being easily reversible once removed. The duration of effectiveness varies depending on the specific device, but typically ranges from 3 to 10 years. The exact mechanism of action of medicated IUDs may differ slightly based on the specific device and hormonal formulation used.
In addition to their contraceptive benefits, medicated IUDs are also known for their non-contraceptive benefits such as reducing heavy menstrual bleeding, alleviating menstrual pain and cramps, and providing relief from symptoms associated with conditions such as endometriosis and adenomyosis.
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