Mediastinal is an adjective that pertains to the mediastinum, which is the central division or region of the thoracic or chest cavity. It is situated between the lungs and extends from the sternum, or breastbone, to the vertebral column, or backbone. The mediastinum is divided into different compartments which contain various organs, structures, and tissues.
In medical terms, mediastinal refers to anything related to or located within the mediastinum. Conditions, disorders, or abnormalities that occur in this area, such as tumors, infections, or inflammations, are described as mediastinal.
The mediastinum houses vital structures like the heart, great blood vessels (such as the aorta and vena cava), esophagus, trachea, lymph nodes, thymus gland, and various nerves. It acts as a central passageway for the transportation of air, blood, and food. Due to the close proximity of these organs and structures, any issue in the mediastinal region can potentially impact the proper functioning of the respiratory, cardiovascular, and digestive systems.
Mediastinal abnormalities are often diagnosed through imaging techniques like X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs. Treatment for mediastinal disorders varies depending on the specific condition but may involve medications, surgical intervention, or other therapeutic procedures. The field of medicine that specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the mediastinum is known as mediastinal medicine.
