Max Scheler (1874-1928) was a German philosopher and social theorist who made significant contributions to phenomenology, ethics, and philosophy of religion. He is best known for his work on the nature of values and the role they play in human experience.
Scheler argued that values are intrinsic to human existence and cannot be reduced to subjective preferences or social conventions. In his view, values have a transcendent character and hold objective significance, guiding human behavior and shaping social norms. He explored the fundamental distinction between lower and higher values, contending that while lower values such as pleasure and power have a relative and contingent nature, higher values such as truth, justice, and love possess an absolute and unconditional character.
Scheler also emphasized the importance of empathy or "feeling-into" others as a key component of social interaction and understanding. He believed that through empathetic understanding, individuals are able to grasp the distinctive mental and emotional states of others, leading to a deeper appreciation of their needs, desires, and values.
Additionally, Scheler had an interest in religion and explored the relationship between values and religious experience. He argued that religious values are an expression of a transcendent reality, serving as a source of meaning and purpose in human life.
Overall, Max Scheler's work contributes to a rich understanding of the nature of values, empathy, and the role they play in human experience, offering valuable insights into moral and social philosophy.
