MAUSOLEUM AT HALICARNASSUS Meaning and
Definition
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The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus refers to an ancient monumental tomb located in present-day Bodrum, Turkey. Constructed between 353 and 350 BCE, it was intended to honor the deceased Persian satrap (governor) Mausolus and his wife Artemisia II. The structure gained immense significance due to its impressive architecture and exquisite decorative elements.
Standing approximately 45 meters (148 feet) tall, the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was a masterpiece of the ancient world. It was designed by Greek architects Pythius and Satyros and featured a square-shaped base, adorned with numerous intricately carved friezes and statues. Above the base, a pyramid-like tower ascended in stages, housing the burial chamber, which contained the tombs of Mausolus and Artemisia II. The entire structure was made of marble, and its lavish decorations included depictions of mythical and historical scenes.
The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus not only exhibited remarkable architectural prowess but also became a catalyst for the development of subsequent mausoleum designs. Due to its grandeur, the term "mausoleum" now refers to any large tomb constructed in an architecturally noteworthy manner. Although the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus met its demise during an earthquake in the 14th century CE, its influence continues to resonate in the world of art and architecture.
