MAQAM Meaning and
Definition
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Maqam is a term originating from Arabic music that refers to a modal system used in the traditional music of the Arab and Middle Eastern regions. It is a melodic framework that is based on a series of melodic scales, often accompanied by specific rhythmic patterns.
In the context of maqam, a scale is called jins, and each maqam consists of several jins. These scales are not fixed, but rather flexible and subject to variations depending on the region and the musician's interpretation. Maqamat provide a structure for improvisation, allowing musicians to explore and embellish the melody within a set of guidelines.
In addition to the scales and improvisation, maqam is also characterized by a specific emotional and aesthetic quality. Each maqam evokes a particular mood or feeling, and they are often associated with different times of the day, seasons, or literary themes. For instance, some maqamat are known for their melancholic tones, while others may be more cheerful or contemplative.
Maqam is not only limited to Arabic music but has also influenced various other musical traditions, such as Turkish, Persian, and Greek music. It serves as a significant component of the musical heritage and cultural identity in these regions.
Overall, maqam can be seen as a complex system that encompasses melodic scales, improvisation, emotional expression, and cultural symbolism, all contributing to its multifaceted definition and significance in the realm of Arab and Middle Eastern music.
Etymology of MAQAM
The word "maqam" has its origins in Arabic. It comes from the Arabic root word "qama", which means to stand or to position oneself. In the context of music, it refers to a specific melodic mode or system traditionally used in Arabian, Persian, and Turkish music. The term "maqam" is also found in other Middle Eastern and Central Asian musical traditions, with slight variations in pronunciation and usage.
