MALLEABLE IRON Meaning and
Definition
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Malleable iron is a type of cast iron that has been heat-treated to enhance its malleability, or the ability to be shaped without breaking. It is a versatile material used in various applications due to its unique properties and characteristics.
Malleable iron is produced by subjecting white cast iron, which is brittle and lacking in ductility, to controlled heating and cooling processes. This involves heating the cast iron until it reaches a temperature range of 800 to 1000 degrees Celsius, followed by a slow cooling process known as annealing. This heat treatment converts the microstructure of the iron, causing it to form graphite nodules within a matrix of ferrite or pearlite. The resulting material possesses improved ductility, strength, and toughness compared to standard cast iron.
The malleability of this iron allows it to be easily shaped into various forms using techniques like forging, bending, or rolling. It can be molded into intricate shapes without cracking or breaking. Additionally, malleable iron maintains its shape even under extreme temperature variations, making it suitable for applications requiring high thermal resistance. It also exhibits good corrosion resistance, making it a popular choice for outdoor or corrosive environments.
Malleable iron finds usage in numerous industries, including automotive, construction, agriculture, and general manufacturing. It is commonly used to manufacture pipes, fittings, automotive components, machinery parts, and hand tools. Its ability to withstand heavy loads, resistance to wear and tear, combined with its malleability, makes malleable iron a preferred material in many engineering applications.
Etymology of MALLEABLE IRON
The word malleable comes from the Latin term malleus, which means hammer. Malleable iron refers to a type of iron that can be hammered or bent into different shapes without breaking. The term malleable in relation to iron has been in use since the 16th century and was derived from the Latin word malleabilis, meaning capable of being shaped by hammering.
