Makaira mitsukurii, commonly known as the shortbill spearfish, is a species of pelagic fish belonging to the family Istiophoridae. It is one of the smallest billfish species, typically measuring around 2 to 3 feet in length and weighing approximately 10 to 15 pounds.
Makaira mitsukurii is characterized by its streamlined body, elongated bill, and a distinctive dorsal fin that extends along a significant portion of its body. The dorsal side of this fish is dark blue or black, while the ventral side is silver or white. It features a series of vertical bars or spots along its sides, which can vary in coloration between individuals.
This species is widely distributed in warm waters, primarily found in the Pacific Ocean, specifically in regions such as Hawaii, Japan, and the eastern coast of Australia. It is also occasionally sighted in the Indian Ocean.
Makaira mitsukurii is a migratory species, often found in deep offshore waters, although it may come closer to shore during certain times of the year. It is a highly elusive and fast-swimming predator, known for its ability to accelerate quickly and slice through the water with its bill. Its diet mainly consists of small fish and cephalopods.
Due to its relatively small size and low commercial value, the shortbill spearfish is generally not targeted by commercial fisheries. However, it is occasionally caught as bycatch in tuna and swordfish fisheries. It is also sought after by recreational anglers for its fighting abilities and aesthetic value. Conservation efforts are limited, primarily focusing on monitoring population trends and minimizing bycatch impacts.
