MACCABEES Meaning and
Definition
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The Maccabees refers to a group of Jewish warriors and rulers who emerged as significant figures during the second century BCE. The term is primarily associated with the Jewish revolt against the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire, which occurred between 167 and 160 BCE, under the leadership of Mattathias and his five sons, known as the Maccabees. The Maccabees were instrumental in reclaiming Jewish autonomy and independence in the region of Judea, which had been subjected to harsh religious persecution and Hellenization by the Seleucid rulers.
The word "Maccabees" itself is derived from the Hebrew term "Maqqabim," meaning "hammer." This name serves as a symbolic representation of their formidable military prowess and resilience in fighting against oppressive forces. The Maccabean revolt and subsequent victories played a pivotal role in the preservation of Jewish religion, culture, and identity.
The exploits and achievements of the Maccabees are chronicled in the Books of Maccabees, two historical accounts found in the Apocrypha section of the Christian Bible, which provide valuable insights into the events, cultural milieu, and religious zeal that characterized this period. The Maccabees are revered as national heroes and celebrated annually during the Jewish holiday of Hanukkah, which commemorates the rededication of the Second Temple in Jerusalem following the Maccabean victory.
In broader usage, "Maccabees" can also refer to the descendants of these historical figures or people who exhibit similar traits of bravery, loyalty, and resistance against oppression.
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A heroic Jewish family who freed their nation from the oppression and persecution of the Syrians, and restored the worship of the God of Israel, B.C. 163; the name of four books of the Apocrypha, containing the history of the Maccabean princes, two of which are received into the canon of Scripture by the R. Cath. Ch.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
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Etymology of MACCABEES
The word "Maccabees" has its etymology traced back to the Hebrew language. It is derived from the Hebrew term מכבים (Makkabim), which means "hammerers" or "hammer-wielders". This term is based on the root כבא (kavah), which translates to "to hammer" or "to strike". The origin of the name comes from the prominent biblical figure, Judah Maccabee, who led the Jewish rebellion against the Seleucid Empire in the 2nd century BCE. His nickname "Maccabee" was given due to his prowess in battle, symbolizing the strength and forcefulness of the movement he led. The term "Maccabees" later came to refer to his brothers and their supporters who fought alongside him during the revolt and subsequently became a way to designate the entire group and their descendants.
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