LYSOGENISATION Meaning and
Definition
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Lysogenisation is a biological process that involves the integration of viral genetic material into the genome of a host organism's cells. It is primarily associated with bacteriophages, which are viruses that specifically infect bacteria.
During lysogenisation, a bacteriophage injects its genetic material, typically in the form of DNA, into a bacterial cell. Instead of immediately initiating a lytic cycle, where the virus hijacks the host's machinery to produce viral particles and ultimately kills the host, the viral DNA integrates into the genome of the bacterial cell. This integration occurs at specific sites and is catalyzed by viral proteins.
Once integrated, the viral genetic material, known as a prophage, can remain dormant within the bacterial cell for prolonged periods. The host cell continues its normal functioning while carrying the integrated viral DNA. The prophage is then faithfully replicated and transmitted to daughter cells when the host cell undergoes division.
Under certain conditions, such as stress or environmental changes, the prophage can become active and initiate the lytic cycle, leading to the production of viral particles and cell lysis. This process of transitioning from lysogeny to a lytic cycle is called induction.
Lysogenisation has significant implications for both the host bacterium and the phage. It allows the viral genetic material to be stably maintained in bacterial populations and be readily transferred to subsequent generations. The bacterium, in turn, may acquire new genes through the integrated viral DNA, which can contribute to bacterial evolution and adaptation to changing environments.
Common Misspellings for LYSOGENISATION
- kysogenisation
- pysogenisation
- oysogenisation
- ltsogenisation
- lgsogenisation
- lhsogenisation
- lusogenisation
- l7sogenisation
- l6sogenisation
- lyaogenisation
- lyzogenisation
- lyxogenisation
- lydogenisation
- lyeogenisation
- lywogenisation
- lysigenisation
- lyskgenisation
- lyslgenisation
- lyspgenisation
Etymology of LYSOGENISATION
The word "lysogenisation" is derived from the term "lysogeny" which combines the prefix "lyso-" and the root "-geny".
The prefix "lyso-" comes from the Greek word "lysis" meaning "dissolution" or "breaking down". This prefix is often used in scientific terminology to indicate disintegration or destruction.
The root "-geny" is also derived from Greek and is related to the concept of "genesis", meaning "creation" or "generation".
Therefore, "lysogeny" refers to a form of microbial reproduction in which a bacteriophage (a virus that infects bacteria) integrates its genetic material into the DNA of its host bacterium, without causing immediate destruction. This process results in the inheritance of the viral genetic material by the bacterium and may lead to the expression of new traits or the activation of certain genes.
Similar spelling words for LYSOGENISATION
