LUNOKHOD PROGRAMME Meaning and
Definition
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The Lunokhod program was a series of unmanned robotic lunar missions launched by the Soviet Union during the 1970s. The term "lunokhod" is derived from the Russian words "luna" meaning moon and "khod" meaning walker or rover, indicating the main purpose of these missions: to explore the Moon's surface and conduct scientific research.
The Lunokhod program consisted of two successful missions: Lunokhod 1, launched in 1970, and Lunokhod 2, launched in 1973. These missions marked the first time that robotic rovers were sent to another celestial body.
Lunokhod 1 was equipped with various scientific instruments, including a television camera, X-ray spectrometer, and penetrometer. It covered a distance of about 10.5 kilometers over the course of 11 months, transmitting valuable data and images back to Earth.
Lunokhod 2 carried similar instruments but also featured an improved television system and better mobility. It operated for about four months, transmitting a wealth of scientific information and capturing high-resolution images of the lunar surface.
The Lunokhod program played a significant role in advancing our understanding of the Moon's geology, chemical composition, and topography. It provided invaluable data on lunar soil properties, magnetic fields, and atmospheric conditions. Additionally, Lunokhod 2 set a distance record for extraterrestrial roving, traveling more than 37 kilometers during its mission.
The Lunokhod program served as a pioneering achievement in lunar exploration, demonstrating the potential of robotic missions to gather scientific data and pave the way for future human missions to the Moon.
Etymology of LUNOKHOD PROGRAMME
The word Lunokhod originates from the Russian language and is a combination of two words: Luna meaning Moon and khod meaning walker or rover. The term Lunokhod refers to the series of Soviet lunar rovers that were remotely operated on the Moon's surface during the Soviet Union's space exploration program. The word programme itself is of French origin, derived from the Latin word programma, meaning a written public notice or a plan of action.
