Lung inflammation, also known as pneumonitis or pneumonia, refers to the state of inflammation that affects the tissues and air sacs (alveoli) within the lungs. It is a medical condition characterized by the swelling and irritation of the lung parenchyma caused by infection, injury, exposure to irritants, or autoimmune disorders.
When the lungs are exposed to harmful pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, the immune system responds by dispatching white blood cells to the affected area, resulting in inflammation. This inflammatory response aims to protect the body and eliminate the infection or irritant. However, in cases of lung inflammation, the immune response can become overly aggressive, leading to excessive inflammation that damages the lung tissue.
Symptoms of lung inflammation may include coughing, shortness of breath, chest pain, fever, fatigue, and production of greenish or yellowish phlegm. These symptoms may vary depending on the specific cause of the inflammation. Some common causes include respiratory infections like pneumonia, exposure to toxic substances such as smoke or pollutants, lung injury due to trauma or radiation therapy, and certain autoimmune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis or lupus.
Treatment for lung inflammation typically involves addressing the underlying cause. This may include the use of antibiotics, antiviral medications, or antifungal drugs to combat infections. Additionally, corticosteroids or anti-inflammatory medications may be employed to reduce lung inflammation and relieve symptoms. In severe cases, hospitalization might be necessary for close monitoring and administering oxygen therapy or mechanical ventilation.
Overall, lung inflammation refers to the immune response and subsequent swelling and irritation within the lungs, often caused by infections, exposure to irritants, injury, or autoimmune disorders.
