Lues venerea, commonly known as syphilis, is a highly infectious sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the bacteria Treponema pallidum. It is characterized by four distinct stages and can potentially affect multiple organs and systems in the body if left untreated.
The initial stage of lues venerea is characterized by the appearance of a painless sore known as a chancre on the genital area or mouth. This sore typically heals on its own within a few weeks, leading many individuals to disregard or be unaware of their infection.
If left untreated, syphilis progresses to the secondary stage, where the infection spreads through the bloodstream, resulting in a variety of symptoms such as rash, fever, sore throat, and muscle aches. These symptoms may come and go for several months.
Following the secondary stage, a latent or hidden stage may develop, during which the infection remains inactive and symptoms disappear. However, without treatment, lues venerea can progress to the final and most dangerous stage known as the tertiary stage.
In the tertiary stage, syphilis can cause severe damage to vital organs including the brain, heart, blood vessels, and bones. This late-stage syphilis can lead to various complications such as cardiovascular problems, neurosyphilis (affecting the nervous system), and even death.
To diagnose lues venerea, healthcare providers often perform blood tests to detect antibodies produced in response to the infection. Treatment typically involves a course of antibiotics, usually penicillin, to eliminate the infection.
Prevention of lues venerea includes practicing safe sex, using barrier methods like condoms, getting regularly tested for STIs, and having open and honest communication with sexual partners.
