Pronunciation: [lˈɔːdz ˈə͡ʊvə] (IPA) 
The phrase "lords over" is spelled /lɔrdz ˈoʊvər/, in IPA phonetic transcription. The first word is pronounced with a voiced "L" sound followed by the "AW" sound and the "R" sound, and the second word starts with the voiced "L" sound, followed by the long "O" sound, and ends with the "V" and "R" sounds. This phrase means to have power or control over someone or something, typically in a harsh or cruel manner.
The term "lords over" is a phrasal verb commonly used to describe a situation where one person or entity exercises power, control, or authority over others in a dominating or superior manner. It implies a sense of superiority or dominance in a particular context.
In a literal sense, "lords over" refers to the actions of a lord or ruler who exercises sovereignty or mastery over a particular domain. It can be applied in historical contexts where feudal lords had control over their territories, often manifesting through their administration, land ownership, or military might.
Figuratively, "lords over" is used to depict situations where individuals assert their superiority or power, often in a condescending or arrogant manner, over others. This could manifest in various aspects of life, such as an employer exerting his authority over subordinates or a parent dominating their children's decisions. It implies a hierarchical relationship where one individual or entity assumes a position of control or dominance.
The notion of "lording over" often carries negative connotations, suggesting an oppressive or tyrannical attitude. It may involve the misuse or abuse of power, suppressing the rights or opinions of others. Its usage highlights the imbalance of power or the autocratic behavior of the person who "lords over" others.
In summary, "lords over" refers to the exercise of power, control, or authority in a dominant and often condescending manner, be it in historical or figurative contexts.
The etymology of the phrase "lords over" can be understood by first examining each component separately:
1. Lords: The word "lords" is derived from the Old English word "hlāford", which evolved from the Proto-Germanic word "hlaƀaƀaRđa-" meaning "bread-keeper". Over time, this term came to refer to a ruler, sovereign, or someone who held power and authority over others.
2. Over: The word "over" comes from the Middle English word "ouer", which originated from the Old English word "ufor", ultimately influenced by the Proto-Germanic term "*ubhur". It signifies a spatial or temporal position, indicating being above or higher in location or in authority.
When combined, the phrase "lords over" conveys the act of holding dominion, authority, or control over someone or something.
