LONG WALL MINING Meaning and
Definition
-
Long wall mining is a highly efficient and mechanized underground method of coal mining. It involves the extraction of a long, continuous panel or "wall" of coal from a coal seam that is typically several hundred meters long and several meters thick. The method is mostly used for the mining of high-quality coal deposits found at considerable depths.
In this technique, a large shearer machine is used to cut and extract the coal along the entire length of the panel. The machine moves back and forth, cutting the coal from the face of the wall while simultaneously loading it onto a conveyor belt. The extracted coal is then transported to the surface for further processing and utilization.
Long wall mining is characterized by its efficiency and productivity. As compared to traditional room and pillar mining methods, it allows for the extraction of a larger percentage of the coal seam, resulting in higher recovery rates. The method also minimizes the amount of equipment required underground, reducing operational costs and enhancing safety by removing workers from the face while extraction takes place.
Despite its advantages, long wall mining has certain limitations. It is most suitable for relatively flat coal seams and requires stable geology to ensure the integrity of the mined-out areas. There is also a need for careful planning and maintenance to mitigate the potential for subsidence and ground movements.
Overall, long wall mining is an effective and widely practiced underground mining technique that efficiently extracts coal from deep and extensive coal seams, thus contributing to the global energy supply.
