The term "London fogs" refers to the infamous smog that filled the city of London in the 19th and 20th centuries. Interestingly, the spelling of "fogs" may seem odd to non-native English speakers, as the word "fog" is typically pronounced with a short "o" sound. However, in this case, the word "fogs" is pronounced with a long "o" sound, represented by the IPA phonetic transcription /foʊɡz/. This irregular pronunciation is likely a result of regional dialect or historical usage.
London fogs, also known as pea soup fogs or simply pea soup, refer to heavy and thick fogs that commonly occur in the city of London, England. This term is particularly used to describe the foggy weather conditions experienced during the late 19th century and throughout the 20th century in London.
London fogs are characterized by the thick density and yellowish or smoky coloration of the fog. These fogs are typically a combination of fog, smoke, and soot particles, which arise from the burning of coal as a major source of heating and energy during that period. The industrialization and high population density of London contributed to the production of large amounts of pollutants and smoke, leading to these notorious fogs.
The phenomenon of London fogs was often accompanied by reduced visibility, creating a gloomy and eerie atmosphere throughout the city. It had numerous adverse effects on the daily life of Londoners, including disruptions in transportation, aviation, and health-related issues. The fogs were infamous for causing respiratory problems, such as bronchitis and asthma, and even increased mortality rates due to air pollution.
Efforts to mitigate London fogs began in the mid-20th century with the implementation of clean air acts and the gradual shift from coal to cleaner fuels. These measures significantly reduced the occurrence of the infamous London fogs, turning them into a rare occurrence by the late 20th century. However, the term "London fogs" has remained in popular usage to refer to the historical phenomenon, serving as a reminder of the city's foggy past.
The term London fogs originated from the dense and often smoggy conditions that were prevalent in London during the 19th and early 20th centuries. These fogs were not actual fogs but a combination of atmospheric pollution, smoke, and fog. The industrial revolution and the extensive use of coal for heating and energy production contributed to the thick and sometimes hazardous fogs that enveloped the city. Over time, this weather phenomenon became commonly known as London fogs.