Lithaemia refers to a medical condition characterized by an excessive presence of uric acid or other lithogenic substances in the blood. Also known as hyperuricemia or hyperuricosuria, lithaemia is often associated with the development of kidney stones, which form due to the crystallization of these substances.
When the uric acid levels in the blood exceed their normal range, it can lead to the formation of sharp, solid crystals in the urinary tract or kidneys. These crystals can gradually grow in size, eventually causing discomfort and pain during urination, as well as potentially blocking the urinary passage. This condition is commonly known as kidney stones or renal calculi.
Lithaemia can be symptomatic or asymptomatic, depending on the severity. Symptoms may include intense pain in the lower back or abdomen, frequent need to urinate, blood in the urine, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, and a persistent urge to urinate.
Certain factors can contribute to the development of lithaemia, such as a diet high in purines, a family history of kidney stones, certain medical conditions like gout or metabolic disorders, dehydration, and certain medications.
Treatment for lithaemia usually involves management of uric acid levels through dietary changes, increased fluid intake, and sometimes the use of medications to reduce uric acid production or enhance its elimination through urine. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to remove the kidney stones. Regular monitoring and follow-up with a healthcare professional can help prevent complications and manage the condition effectively.
