Lichen rubra planus is a dermatological condition characterized by the development of red, raised, flat-topped lesions on the skin. It is a type of lichenoid eruption, which refers to a group of skin disorders exhibiting similar clinical and histopathological features. The term "lichen" indicates the appearance of the rash, resembling the scaly surface of lichens found in nature.
The exact cause of lichen rubra planus is not completely understood, but it is believed to involve a malfunction of the immune system, leading to an inflammatory reaction in the skin. It may also be associated with certain medications, chemicals, or infections. The condition predominantly affects middle-aged individuals, and there is no specific gender or racial predilection.
Clinically, lichen rubra planus typically presents as small, flat-topped, reddish-purple papules or plaques that may be itchy or painful. The lesions often cluster together to form larger, irregularly shaped patches, which can affect any part of the body. The rash may also involve the oral mucosa, nails, or scalp in some cases. Histopathological examination of a skin biopsy is usually required to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment for lichen rubra planus typically focuses on relieving symptoms and controlling inflammation. This may involve the use of topical corticosteroids, oral antihistamines, or systemic corticosteroids in severe cases. Phototherapy and immunosuppressive medications may also be considered in certain situations. Regular follow-up with a dermatologist is essential to monitor the progression of the disease and adjust treatment accordingly.
